CONTINUED DEVELOPMENT OF THEORIES OF, MICROCOSMOS''

CONTINUED DEVELOPMENT OF THEORIES OF, MICROCOSMOS''

                  Referring to the study of the structure of matter called a philosopher

"Compared to philosophy - is math, compared with mathematics is philosophy."

                Scientific theories are, indeed, on the border between concrete and abstract of mathematics cold - trying to fit in formulas and equations all that exists around us and even ourselves - and philosophy, sometimes devoid of realism, a Universe too complex to be explained and whose understanding, if it were possible, it would only disturb her existence, if not empty of meaning to it.
               It is true that in the universe there is lowest'' ', also just as there is no "greatest." Just do it persivitate the frontier as interesting operation "microcosm" as that of "macrocosm ".
              We will always be looking for the smallest particles in the structure of matter, as in the search for the most distant galaxies.

            It is obvious that scientific theories are not "closed". Their development is a historical character, being, in turn, enriched
 and - if emphasizing the shortcomings of too deep - even abandoned, thus illustrating processuality scientific knowledge.
           As is known, initially thought that matter is continued, then denied its continuity and introduced the famous "atomistic hypothesis". It was considered that the substance is made of "atoms" are regarded as indivisible, as attested by the name they have received.
          Later it turned out that atoms have internal structure, the
consisting of electronic shell and core. Moreover, he, in turn, is composed of nucleons - protons and neutrons.
         At present, researchers are convinced that no nucleons are the smallest particles that make up matter. Constituent nucleons have been called "quarks" (quarks), but is not sufficiently substantiated their theory on The experienced.
       It remains the task of future generations to unequivocally prove the existence of quarks (and possibly find their inner existence).
      In the last decades, science and technology - chemistry in particular have experienced unprecedented growth with the advent of computers and software solvers with great precision equations whose solutions would have been so impossible to find, and at the same time to provide a intiutiva, accessible our understanding of abstract notions, starting with those of "atomic orbitals", "equipotential surfaces", "nodal surfaces" through to computer modeling of the structure of atomic structure - giant type ( cluster) or different types of recipes that allow, among others, viewing normal modes of vibration characteristic of such polyatomic systems and even identify their symmetry.
             
       Despite the real explosion of information that we have today thanks to new technologies and access to computer equipment, and even if at the beginning of a new millennium, the old basic concepts of chemistry - the far outweighed came not to be scientifically satisfactory to decipher literature of our time, they remain a primer on the knowledge, whose assimilation is necessary, if only moral cosiderente NIM, because modern chemistry learning, not to live in a house without foundations.